Izimiso Zokuziphatha Zokunciphisa Ukulimala Kogwayi: UkuhlaziyaI-E-CigaretteUkutholakala ku-Utilitarian, Bioethics, kanye Nokuziphatha Kwezempilo Yomphakathi

"Ukutholakala kwe-e-cigarette" ukungenelela kweqembu ukukhuthaza ababhemayo ukuthi bashintshele kukhoi-e-cigarettes.Inezincazelo ezimbili: ukwenza kucace kwababhemayo lokhoi-e-cigarettesayingozi kakhulu kunogwayi, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi afinyeleleka kalula kuwoi-e-cigarettes.

Ababhali baleli phepha baveza ukuthi “ukutholakala kwe-e-cigarette” isekelwa izinhlaka ezimbili zokuziphatha, izimiso zokuziphatha zezempilo yomphakathi kanye nezimiso ze-biomedical.“Ukutholakala kwe-e-cigarette” ingasiza ababhemayo banciphise izingozi zempilo kanye nokulimala, futhi ivumele ababhemayo ukuba bazenzele izinqumo zezempilo ngokwabo, ngokuvumelana nezimiso zokuhlonipha amalungelo nokuzimela komuntu ngamunye, kanye nokukhuthaza ukulunga nobulungisa emphakathini.Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukufeza izinhloso zezempilo zomphakathi nge “i-e-cigaretteukutholakala” kuhlangabezana nezingqinamba ezimbalwa kunezinqubo zendabuko zokulawula ugwayi.

Uhlaka lwezimiso ze-biomedical seluphakamise izimiso ezine, okungukuthi ukuhlonipha ukuzimela, umusa (ukukhulisa inhlalakahle yesiguli), ukungabi nalunya (ukugwema ukulimala ezigulini), kanye nobulungiswa.Ugwayi we-elekthronikhi awuyingozi kangakougwayi, kanye nokuvumela ababhemayo ukuthi bashintshele kugwayi we-elekthronikhi kungasiza ababhemayo bagweme ukulimala okubangelwa ugwayi wendabuko, ngakho kuvumelana nezimiso zomusa nokungabi nonya.

Okubaluleke nakakhulu, lesi sixazululo siphinde sihlangabezane ngokugcwele nesidingo sokuziphatha sokuhlonipha isimiso sokuzimela.

Ukuhlonipha ukuzimela kubhekisela ekuhlonipheni ilungelo labantu lokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokuvumelana nezifiso zabo.Ukuhlinzekai-e-cigaretteimikhiqizo kanye nolwazi lokunciphisa ukulimala kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi kubantu ababhemayo kungaqinisekisa ukuthi ababhemayo bangakwazi ukukhetha ngokuzithandela ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zabo kanye nezinto abazithandayo ngaphandle kokuphoqwa nokukhohlisa, okuwukubonakaliswa kokuhlonipha amalungelo abantu ababhemayo.

Uhlaka lwezimiso zezempilo zomphakathi luhlale lugcizelela ukuthi ukufezwa kwezinjongo zezempilo yomphakathi kufanele kunciphise ukuphulwa kwamalungelo nenkululeko yomuntu ngamunye.Ngisho nababhemayo abaqala ukuyeka ukubhema eminyakeni yabo yakamuva banelungelo nenkululeko yokuphishekela ukunciphisa ukulimala.Amalungelo abo nawo adinga ukuvikelwa.

“Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuphishekela incazelo yakhe yenjabulo, futhi kufanele sihloniphe ukuthi ababhemayo banquma ukuyeka ukubhema noma bashintshele kui-e-cigarettes,” kusho uRebecca Thomas waseNyuvesi yasePittsburgh nongomunye wababhali baleli phepha.

Njengoba amalungelo abantu ababhemayo kufanele ahlonishwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza okunembilei-e-cigaretteulwazi lokuqinisekisa ukuthi ababhemayo benza izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Thatha njengesibonelo isifo samaphaphu sase-US esibikwe abezindaba ngonyaka odlule.Ngaleso sikhathi, kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi imbangela yalesi sigameko kwakuwukusetshenziswa kwe-THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), ikhemikhali ephezulu yokugxila ekhishwe ku-industrial hemp) ugwayi wezimakethe ezimnyama.Uwoyela, awuhlangene ne-regular ugwayi we-elekthronikhi.I-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ye-CDC yake yazishaya indiva iziphetho zocwaningo futhi yasola abavamile.i-e-cigarettesngesizathu, futhi ayizange ilungise imininingwane efanele kwaze kwaba nguNdasa walo nyaka.

Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi le ndlela ibonakala ivikela abathengi, kodwa empeleni yenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuhle: “Ayigcini nje ngokuvumela ababhemayo asebeshintshele ekuziphatheni okubi.i-e-cigarettesukuphinde ngibheme, kodwa akuvimbeli wonke umuntu ukuthi agweme umlandu wangempela - imikhiqizo ye-THC yezimakethe ezimnyama. "

I-Public Health Ethics Framework ithi ukungenelela okunemikhawulo emincane kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukufeza izinhloso zezempilo zomphakathi.Mayelana nezinjongo zokunciphisa ukulimala kukagwayi, ukuhlinzekwa kwei-e-cigaretteskwababhemayo kunemingcele encane kunokwenqabela ukuthengiswa kogwayi we-elekthronikhi nakho konkeimikhiqizo kagwayi, futhi kanjalo ihlangabezana nezidingo zabo zokuziphatha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlinzeka ababhemayo ngeimikhiqizo ye-e-cigarettekanye nolwazi lokunciphisa ukulimala kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi kungase futhi kunikeze amaqembu asengozini ngezinhlelo ezishibhile zokunciphisa ukulimala, kunciphise ukungafani kwezempilo yomphakathi, futhi kukhuthaze ubulungisa emphakathini.

Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organisation,ugwayikubulala abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-8 minyaka yonke, futhi kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukulimala kukagwayi."Ubufakazi obuningi bubonisa ukuthi ugwayi we-elekthronikhi awunangozi kakhulu kunogwayi, futhi kokubili uhlaka lwezimiso zezempilo yomphakathi kanye nohlaka lwezimiso ze-biomedical lubonisa ukuthi ukutholakala kogwayi be-e-cigarette kuwukuziphatha futhi kuyisinyathelo esizuzisayo,ababhemayokufanele ukhuthazwe ukushintshela kui-e-cigarettes,” kusho leli phephandaba.